Iliotibial Band Syndrome Specialist
Knee conditions normally involve disease or injury that can disturb the normal functioning of the joint. This can result in knee pain, weakness, instability, and limited movement. With longer life expectancy and greater activity levels, joint replacement is being performed in greater numbers on patients thanks to new advances in artificial joint technology provided by our orthopedic surgeons.
This joint is formed by two or more bones that are connected by thick bands of tissue called ligaments.
The knee is the largest joint in the body and is made up of three main parts:
- The lower end of the thigh bone, or femur.
- The upper end of the shin bone, or tibia.
- The kneecap, or patella.
At some time in life, you may experience knee pain. Iliotibial band syndrome is a common knee injury that usually presents as lateral knee pain caused by inflammation of the distal portion of the iliotibial band; occasionally, however, the iliotibial band becomes inflamed at its proximal origin and causes referred hip pain. The iliotibial band is a thick band of fascia that is formed proximally by the confluence of fascia from hip flexors, extensors, and abductors. The band originates at the lateral iliac crest and extends distally to the patella, tibia, and biceps femurs tendon.
Iliotibial band syndrome occurs frequently in runners or cyclists, and is caused by a combination of overuse and biomechanical factors. The syndrome can cause significant morbidity; however, most patients respond to a conservative treatment approach that involves stretching and altering training regimens.
Iliotibial Band Syndrome FAQ
What Causes Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)?
ITBS occurs due to friction of the iliotibial band sliding over the bony structures of the knee, particularly the lateral femoral epicondyle. Symptoms often begin as diffuse pain on the lateral side of the knee, which can progress into sharp, localized discomfort with continued activity. Aggravating activities include running, particularly downhill or with long strides, and prolonged sitting with the knee flexed.
What Are The Symptoms of Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)?
Common symptoms include:
- Diffuse or sharp pain on the lateral side of the knee.
- Pain aggravated by running or prolonged knee flexion.
- Loss of full range of motion.
- Tenderness along the lateral femoral epicondyle.
- Discomfort while walking or engaging in repetitive knee movements.
What Are The Treatment Options For Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)?
Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, minimizing activity that exacerbates symptoms, and improving strength and flexibility. Here are the options:
Non-Surgical Treatment
- Activity Modification: Avoid repetitive knee flexion/extension activities like running or cycling.
- Massage and Stretching: Stretch the iliotibial band, hip flexors, and plantar flexors to reduce tightness.
- Physical Therapy: Engage in a tailored strengthening program focusing on the gluteus medius and other supporting muscles.
- Anti-Inflammatory Medications: Use NSAIDs like ibuprofen to alleviate pain and swelling.
- Ice Application: Apply ice packs to reduce inflammation and pain after activity.
- Corticosteroid Injection: For persistent swelling or pain, an injection may be recommended to target inflammation at the point of maximum tenderness.
Surgical Treatment
Surgery is considered only in cases that do not respond to conservative treatment. The most common surgical approach is releasing a portion of the iliotibial band over the lateral epicondyle. Studies show good to excellent outcomes in 84% of patients who undergo this procedure.
What is the Expected Recovery Timeline?
Most patients improve within 3 to 6 weeks with consistent stretching, strengthening, and activity modification. A gradual return to running is recommended, starting with short distances at an easy pace on flat surfaces.