Sciatica Diagnosis & Treatment
Sciatica refers to pressure on the nerves in the low back which form the sciatic nerve. This causes pain to run down the lower extremity to the thigh, calf and ankle. This can cause numbness, tingling or weakness in the lower extremity as well. Pressure on the nerves that form the sciatic nerve is usually caused by a ruptured disc or bone spurs.
Sciatica Diagnosis Information
How is Sciatica Diagnosed?
Sciatica is diagnosed by evaluating the patient’s **symptoms, medical history, and a physical examination**. Physicians assess nerve function and reflexes to identify any signs of nerve compression.
To confirm the diagnosis, **MRI imaging** is typically used. An MRI provides a detailed view of the spine and can show **nerve compression or disc herniation** that may be causing sciatica.
What Are the Treatment Options for Sciatica?
Treatment depends on the **severity of symptoms**. Sciatica is not life-threatening, and most cases improve with conservative treatments.
Conservative (Nonsurgical) Treatments
- **Oral Steroids** – Short-term use to reduce inflammation around the nerves.
- **Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)** – Helps alleviate pain and swelling.
- **Physical Therapy** – Strengthening and stretching exercises to relieve nerve compression.
- **Epidural Steroid Injection (ESI)** – A guided injection of steroids near the affected nerves to reduce inflammation.
Surgical Treatment
If symptoms **do not improve with conservative treatments**, or if nerve compression is severe, surgical options may be considered.
The **specific procedure** depends on the location and severity of nerve pressure, and may include:
- **Microdiscectomy** – Removing part of a herniated disc pressing on the nerve.
- **Laminectomy** – Removing part of the vertebrae to relieve nerve compression.
Surgery is generally **only considered if pain is persistent and significantly affects daily life**.